Human Chromosomes

Chromosomes represent an organized structure of DNA and protein inside cells of the body, in the form of coiled DNA that comprises several genes, regulatory elements, DNA-bound proteins, and other nucleotide sequences. Human chromosomes can be classified into two categories – autosomes and sex chromosomes. Some of the genetic traits are associated with a person’s sex and then passed onto through sex chromosomes. Autosomes consist of the pending genetic hereditary details. Both function in the similar way during cell division. A human cell contains 23 pairs (22 autosomes and one sex chromosome pairs) of large linear nuclear chromosomes. Human cells also have hundreds of replicas of the mitochondrial genome.